Victorian style (eng. “Victorian style”) is the conventional name for a long period in the history of English art of the second half of the 19th century, associated with the years of the reign of Queen Victoria (1819-1901) and Prince Consort Albert (1819-1861).
The British call the Victorian period briefly: “Victorianism” and believe that in aesthetics it meant the triumph of pragmatism and materialism, which, incidentally, is generally characteristic of the “English style”. Eclecticism and stylistic diversity of Victorianism are also explained by the natural reaction to the Puritan style, the severity of the preceding era of the “Queen Anne style” and the “Georgians”.
Characteristic features of the Victorian style is eclecticism, combining Gothic, Rococo, exotic and classic. Exotica at that time meant Indian and Chinese styles. In addition, the Victorian style is a combination of unsurpassed quality and old, classic canons. Victorian style in the interior went through several stages of development. At the dawn of its development, the Victorian style in the interior was a cumbersome neo-classical, the decor of which was distinguished by the quaintness and ornateness of the patterns, ornaments and motifs used. And finally, this style has turned into what we now call the English classics, distinguished by a sense of proportion and respectability. This style is known to us from the film about the well-known detective hero of Arthur Conan Doyle Sherlock Holmes.
In addition, it should be noted that the Victorian style has some degree of deconstruction. Deconstruction represents a house in which each room is decorated and decorated in a separate interior style. Cabinets and libraries are usually made in the Gothic style, ladies' rooms (boudoirs) - in the Rococo style, and dining rooms and hallways - the "Oriental style". The Victorian style combines a Scottish cage and floral designs, which are made mainly on curtains. A single piece of interior can be made simultaneously in several styles.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
The main elements of the Victorian style:
The Victorian style was formed in England during the reign of Queen Victoria, namely, in the second half of the XIX century. At this time, thanks to the rapid development of industry and the colonies around the world, the bourgeoisie began to grow rich and take shape as a class that sought to surround itself with the attributes of "luxurious life."
Many interior items, previously not available to everyone and considered luxury, have gained massive popularity. Decorating, arranging and furnishing houses acquired a demonstrative nature of status and wealth. The use of certain interior items has been considered a manifestation of excellent taste, solidity, prestige, wealth and respectability of the owner of the house. People at this time began to travel a lot, touching on trips with different Oriental and exotic cultures, which they began to bring into the interiors of their homes.
In the art of the Victorian period there are three stages:
The early Victorian period is parallel to the parallel development of the Neogrek, Neorokoko, Neo-Gothic, Byzantine, Moorish, and Chinese styles. The decline of art was inevitable.
“Gothic has been distorted for a long time to make it suitable for commercial buildings. The facades of the Greek temples were decorated with residential buildings and banks. Roman baths looked like railway stations ”. Eclecticism was accompanied by the negative influence of the first results of the industrial revolution.
Any “historical decor” could be made quickly and cheaply by machine: a “baroque thread” made of papier-mâché, or dyed plaster, and “gilded rokaili” made of tin. Ceramics imitated metal; “Victorian furniture” in the style of “Louis XIV” was combined with “Gothic” decor. And all this against the backdrop of heavy curtains and blackened academic paintings in gilded frames.
The late Victorian period is characterized by a mixture of “historical styles”: “Louis XIV”, Rococo, “Elizabethan Renaissance” and Tudor-Renaissance (“Tudor Style”), as well as the baroque styles of “King Jacob” and “Stewart Restoration”.
The art of the Victorian era was eclectic and therefore did not constitute a single artistic direction or style. Therefore, the name “Victorian style” should be quoted, understanding it figuratively.
In the 1890s, in the period of Modernity, a critical attitude to this “style” gave rise to the course of Edwardian neo-classicism.
The main qualities of the Victorian style of the apartment interior - comfort and diversity - perfectly meet the needs of a modern person in a comfortable, high-quality and at the same time elegant apartment.
The harmony of the apartment in the Victorian style is that everything in it is balanced, symmetrical, imbued with a sense of proportion, but at the same time saturated.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
Starting to arrange the room in the Victorian style, you should, first of all, be determined with the color scheme, and especially with the color of the furniture. Most often, for a room made in Victorian style, furniture of light brown tones or dark red-brown color is chosen. Accordingly, everything else will be from pale pink, almond, purple hues to red-brown again. The important place is taken by gilding and saturated colors in ruby-red or emerald-green draperies.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
In most cases, furniture used in the arrangement of premises in the Victorian style, is made of natural wood of valuable species. Often in the decoration is used gilding, inlay with precious metals and other materials.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
For flooring using parquet made of natural wood. Do not forget that the use of natural wood in the design and decoration of premises from time immemorial was considered a manifestation of the excellent taste, solidity, prestige and respectability of the home owner. In addition, the flooring can be a tile that has an original ornament or pattern. The windows are also made of natural wood pointed in the Gothic style or rectangular, with lintels. Doors are also made of solid natural wood with decorative parts made of brass.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
All forms are vertical, elongated, lines are straight and arched.
The walls are decorated with plaster, striped fabric or wallpaper, or with round blooming roses, realistic painted birds, animals. Often the walls are decorated with tapestries or wallpaper with a complex ornamental pattern, often voluminous, resembling a bas-relief. Especially popular are British-made wallpapers imitating fabric. Images of leaves are used - maple, oak and birch, ferns, as well as forest flowers and berries: lilies of the valley, clovers, strawberries.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
On top of the wallpaper the size of a third or half the height of the wall panels are attached of precious wood. They do not have a thread, but are decorated with ornaments in a classic style. By the way, it is categorically not recommended to cover the varnish of the panel: the glossy shine is alien to the Victorian style.
The ceiling can be with dark beams or stucco with a plafond (a reproduction of any picture). Ceiling chandelier with imitation candle lighting performs a decorative role. The main light - due to the desktop and outdoor paired lamps with fabric shades.
Furniture - massive, heavy, decorated with carvings. Sofas, armchairs, chairs are voluminous with thick upholstery. The bed in the bedroom should be no canopy. Chests, chests and floor clocks are popular. An integral part of the living room is a fireplace (even electric) and all sorts of accessories to it.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
It is allowed to use an unlimited number of “trinkets”: Chinese vases, Indian caskets, stuffed animals, paintings, etc. All sorts of horizontal surfaces should be covered with richly ornamented textiles, the floors are covered with thick carpets depicting birds and plants.
The interiors of the Victorian era widely used floral patterns, burgundy drapes of soft plush, in general, everything that helps to recreate the atmosphere of homely warmth. A large role is played here with bedspreads, canopies and, of course, curtains. As a rule, for curtains in the Victorian style use the best drape fabric, skillfully assembled and decorated with braid with soft pompons. A typical phenomenon is several eaves for several types of fabric in one window, while the window “wraps up” into the curtains. Heavy fabrics are necessarily combined with lighter, tulle or lace curtains.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
Indispensable attributes of the Victorian interior of the apartment - paintings and wall clocks. Paintings are hung on a special rail, made of the same wood type as the panels, and therefore almost imperceptible against the background of wallpaper. Victorian-style frames, on the contrary, are selected to be voluminous, heavy, but by no means gilded. As for the content of the paintings, they must match the atmosphere of the Victorian style - portraits, landscapes, plot sketches and in no case abstraction. And so that they are not lost on the general background, the tones of the works should be contrasted.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
Extremely appropriate in the Victorian interior will look and mirrors in full growth, with the same frame as that of the paintings - as a rule, they are placed opposite the fireplace, windows or doors and often tinted in yellow, red or green.
Another frequent hero of the Victorian interior is a fireplace, made of granite, black or red, and always in a classic style, to become panels. It is better to cover the fire with a screen, and the fireplace itself - to fence off with a metal fence with gothic spiers, painted black, 40-50 cm high.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
No Victorian interior is complete without indoor plants. They are put on the floor (in no case on the windowsill or on the table), grouped in one corner. The pots are mostly clay and monochromatic, in harmony with the general decoration of the room.
In the true Victorian interior of the apartment you will find many flowerpots, ottomans, screens, boxes and ashtrays made of expensive stones or metals, supports for pens and pencils.
Victorian style in the interior, photo
Victorian style does not mean cheap furnishings and finishing materials - everything should look expensive, reliable, stable and with dignity.
Most of the materials used are difficult to replace if you wish to save. As for the numerous accessories, often present in the interiors - they must be real, that is, in fact, it is antiques of the corresponding value. But if a person is ready to incur certain expenses, in the end he can enjoy a cozy atmosphere in a warm, hospitable house, which means the game is worth the trouble!
The Victorian style in the interior is discreet luxury and beauty.
Victorian style gives a person a feeling of comfort, stability - it is the smell of good cigars, strong coffee and fresh morning newspapers. This style corresponds to the ideas of prosperity, it conveys a kind of confidence in the future of the person who gave preference to him.
Preference for the Victorian style of apartment interior, as a rule, is given by connoisseurs of tradition, stability and quality, middle-aged people, businessmen, cultural figures, university professors. Youth interiors in the Victorian style seem too pretentious and “compound”, but it often happens that with age, yesterday's hi-tech and modern lovers sincerely fall in love with massive oak furniture, strict stucco on the ceiling and striped fabric wallpaper.
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