Construction finishing materials

The importance of finishing materials in construction is beyond doubt - they not only make buildings beautiful, but also help to protect their structures from atmospheric and other effects.

Modern types of finishing materials can be divided into several groups according to the following features: purpose, operating conditions, condition, origin of their components. Below the classification of finishing materials will be considered in more detail.

Based on the operating conditions, it is possible to distinguish exterior finishing materials (for outdoor work) and internal (they are finished inside the building). The market of finishing materials in our time offers a huge amount of products for interior decoration, but do not forget that when choosing it, it is necessary to take into account the purpose of the room, because it affects not only the interior, but also how long the decoration will last. For example, in the kitchen, walls should preferably be plastered with cement plaster, covered with ceramic tiles, wallpaper should be used washable. It is not bad to make ceilings from waterproof cement slabs (for example, Aquapanel Knauf), metal panels or plastic.

We list the modern types of finishing materials that are most often used:

Exterior finishing materials:

• for the facade: decorative plaster, paint, ceramic granite;
• for the roof: metal and ceramic tiles.

Internal finishing materials:

• for the ceiling: drywall, plaster, suspended ceilings;
• for walls: paint, wallpaper, plaster;
• for the floor: parquet, linoleum, carpet.

Our classification of finishing materials continues and in the next group they can be divided by purpose:

• finishing (decorative) - includes several types and represent either thin rolled material (linoleum, wallpaper), or plates of small thickness (ceramics, stone), or compositions applied to the surface in a rather thin layer (decorative plaster, varnish, paint) ;
• construction and finishing - materials that bear not only a decorative function, but also in some cases constructive bearing elements (as an example we can mention blocks of glass, decorative concrete, facing brick, etc.);
• special finishing products and materials - they are designed to perform certain functions: to protect from noise, X-rays, etc .;

Depending on their physical condition, finishing materials can be:

• liquid - are a mixture of binder and decorative component (any paint and varnish compositions, self-leveling floors, etc.);
• piece - consist of small products (parquet boards, ceramic tile);
• prefabricated elements that are quite large plates (sheets of drywall, gypsum-fiber sheets, wall panels, chipboard, laminated package), mounted with nails, screws, rivets, special glue.

It is also possible classification of finishing materials and the nature of their components. According to this classification, modern types of finishing materials can be divided into natural (often environmentally friendly finishing materials that do not represent a danger to humans at all) and artificial ones.

Natural finishing materials most often encountered are slabs of marble, limestone, dolomite and granite. The latter is usually used as a finishing exterior material - they are faced with basements of the houses, embankments. However, other weather-resistant rocks such as sandstones, dolomites and limestone are also used for outdoor decoration.

Inside the building, lining walls, floors and various designs are made using marble or limestone slabs.

Natural products include wood products - block parquet, wall paneling.

Decoration materials of artificial origin are of two types - inorganic and organic. The first (inorganic) can be attributed facing brick, various plasters based on inorganic binders (cement, gypsum). Organic finishing materials are, first of all, products from polymers (vinyl wallpaper, linoleum), as well as paper-based materials (floorboard, wallpaper).

It should be said that the market of decorative materials of artificial origin is nowadays flooded with products that quite accurately imitate the color, texture, pattern and texture of natural materials. Some modern types of finishing materials of this type at first glance can hardly be distinguished from their natural counterparts.