Definition: urban planning is an integrated and multifaceted activity in the formation of settlements and settlement systems.
In the town-planning code of the Russian Federation the following definition is proposed :
urban development - development activities of territories, including cities and other settlements, carried out in the form of territorial planning, urban zoning, territory planning, architectural and construction design, construction, major repairs, reconstruction of capital construction objects.
A more general definition: urban planning activity is an activity aimed at changing real estate objects.
Definition: urban planning - aimed at the organization of the material and spatial environment of society.
The object of urban planning - urban planning system (settlement system, city, residential or industrial area, quarter).
Definition: urban planning system - a set of spatially organized and interrelated material elements - technically developed territories, buildings, structures, roads and engineering structures together with natural components that form the living environment of society at various territorial levels.
The fundamental differences of urban planning:
1. The significant scale of the object design.
2. Urban sites always include elements of a natural complex.
3. Urban planning objects are a changing system (the urban planning system is constantly evolving and cannot be considered as a completed construction object).
Design object | RF, 2004 | Example | |
State territory | Territorial Planning Scheme of the Russian Federation |
| |
Territory of the Region | _______ |
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The subject of the Russian Federation (region, region, republic) | Territorial planning scheme of subjects of the Russian Federation |
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Municipal (administrative) district | Territorial planning scheme of the municipal district |
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City | General Plan, Building and Land Use Rules |
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Part of the city (planning area, a group of neighborhoods) | Territory Planning Project |
| |
Neighborhood, quarter | Land Survey Project |
| |
Land plot | Urban Development Plan |
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Design and town planning activity contains significant sections of theoretical substantiation, which brings it closer to scientific and practical activities. Urban planning studies are of an applied nature and are aimed at making design decisions.
The objects of urban planning research are cities and towns, residential and public complexes, industrial areas and recreational areas, as well as extensive territorial systems, districts. All these objects are characterized by the coordinated distribution of elements and the formation of stable territorial ties between them.
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