For the majority of the inhabitants, plaster is a material made of sand and cement, which is filled with cracks and irregularities, level the walls for further pasting with wallpaper, painting and so on. But with the addition of dye material turns into a modern type of decor room. Decorating the walls with plaster is a number of advantages and is gaining more and more popularity every day. The material is usually divided into several types - structural (to create furrows), textured (texture is created) "Venetian" and mineral (created with the addition of marble or granite chips). Moreover, various paints are often used to decorate a material — capsule, mosaic, etc. For most of them, the term is not invented at all. There is also a universal plaster, plaster for exterior and interior.

Types of plaster

1. Structural plaster (“bark beetle”, “fur coat”) - has a peculiar “appearance”: the surface treated with the material has a non-uniform, granular appearance. The basis are quartz granules. The material can be divided into fine and fine-grained. By the way, the size of the structural grain varies from 0.6 to 3 millimeters.
2. Textured - less well-known material than his classmates - structural and mineral plaster. In its raw form, it resembles dough - a white mass, which is tinted or coated with paint after application. The main advantage of textured plaster is its plasticity, with the help of which various effects are created - a bas-relief, a panel, etc.
3. “Venetian” plaster is a universal material: on the one hand, it is able to imitate valuable types of stone, on the other hand, it is used by designers to create drawings and other decor on the walls. It has certain difficulties in work: application in several layers, grout, etc.
4. Mineral plaster - which is based on the baby, is often used when finishing the room. Among other things stands out resistance, environmental friendliness and relative cheapness.

Features of decorative plaster

When choosing a decorative material should pay attention to the instructions and specifications. The application technique for each material is different, so it is important to remember some nuances:

1. Plaster with a large filler applied only by hand.
2. Liquid materials should not be diluted with water.
3. Water-based plaster is less toxic, but at the same time susceptible to environmental influences.
4. Marble chips are hard to apply by hand, because the structure can be lost during the application process.
5. A material with high adherence indications may not be coated due to loss of strength.

Types of textured plaster

Today, one of the most original ways to finish the walls is textured plaster. The material is a heterogeneous granular mass with the addition of pebbles, cotton, wood or flax fiber, ground brick, mica, fine sand, inert gypsum and other additives. Due to this, a variety of reliefs, shades (almost any color is possible) and effects (for example, water-color painting, velvet, sandy wind, imitation of stone or precious wood, and much more) are achieved.

The scope of the textured plaster is wide enough: residential premises, offices, restaurants and almost any other premises. The material not only gives a beautiful appearance, but also hides well the irregularities and defects of the walls. But still the main task of textured plaster is to create a relief decorative coating, both inside and outside the room. It should be noted that the material can be applied to almost any type of surface.

Main advantages:

1. ease of care: during operation, textured plaster is easy to clean and wash;
2. resistance to mechanical damage;
3. moisture resistance (great for bathrooms and bathrooms);
4. does not fade in the sun;
5. have good heat and sound insulation;
6. environmentally safe: textured plaster does not emit toxic substances;
7. belong to low-combustible finishing materials.

Consider the types of textured plaster, depending on the binder

1. Mineral (cement) - sold as a dry powder, which is diluted with water before application. Fire resistant and have high vapor permeability. Mainly used for finishing surfaces based on mineral materials.
2. Acrylic (based on acrylic resin) - has the appearance of a finished water-dispersion composition. They are used for almost any mineral bases, including old dispersed coatings. Advantages: it does not require preliminary preparation, it is more economical in consumption, it dries quickly, does not require additional painting, and is more durable.
3. Silicate (based on liquid glass) - sold as a ready-to-use composition. It also applies to all types of mineral bases, as well as suitable for old silicate coatings. However, they have a limitation in color and are expensive.
4. Silicone (based on silicone resin) - also supplied as ready mix. They are used for all types of mineral bases, excellent for old dispersion surfaces. They are characterized by high vapor permeability, it has good dirt-repellent qualities and at the same time can serve you for a very long time.

Silicone and silicate, by the way, are used for the restoration of buildings and for painting facades in “difficult” conditions: dirt, humid climate, etc. Decorating walls with textured plaster is a rather complicated task. No, the process itself does not require special skills, but the whole complexity of the work lies in the decoration. Initially, preparatory work is underway: the surface must be clean, dry, flat and primed. After the primer dries, apply the plaster with a spatula. Then you need to give the desired relief on the surface: the best way to do this is to use a textured roller, stencil or spatula. It is also possible to apply with a special spray.

Decorative Venetian plaster: application technology and photo in the interior

Venetian plaster received its popularity in the distant Renaissance. The material has a transparent appearance and consists of a variety of components based on lime and marble flour. Venetian plaster in the hands of an experienced master reminds a true work of art and is able to decorate any interior. Modern Venetian plaster has a transparent appearance and after a special method of application creates the effect of marble. This shade is achieved due to the composition, which, most often, includes water emulsions, slaked lime and marble flour.

At the store shelves, the material gets into buckets or cans of 7-25 kg in the form of a transparent thick mass. An important advantage of the material is the possibility of tinting in almost any color. By the way, the surface is more similar to marble and looks better when several (2-3) shades of the same color are mixed.

How is depth and transparency achieved when applied?

A similar effect is achieved using a special application technique, in which the material is applied with small strokes of four to ten layers. To do this, use a triangular trowel made of forged stainless steel. Then dried plaster is covered with beeswax, which has a special transparency and protects the decorative coating. Wax is a very important element, because even a masterpiece can easily be spoiled by covering it, for example, with matte wax or ordinary varnish. Although today there is Venetian plaster, which already contains similar materials and does not require a finishing procedure.

The advantages of Venetian plaster

• creating a marble mosaic effect. Such a drawing in combination with a rich color scheme can bring the interior to a truly masterpiece look;
• Water resistance is considered one of the main advantages of the material. The surface is easy to clean with detergents (water, soap solution) that do not contain solvent;
• the material is very durable, because only the warranty is from 5 to 10 years;
• has high wear resistance;
• ecologically safe;
• does not emit odor;
• fireproof;
• dry quickly.

Venetian plaster application technology

First of all, you need to know that the working surface on which the material is applied must be perfectly flat, dry and clean. This is due to the fact that through a thin layer of plaster will be visible even the most minor defects.

• Work begins with applying a primer or acrylic paint on the surface in several layers;
• After the primer has dried, you can proceed with the direct application of the material.
• The working surface should be divided into sections of 0.5-1 m2 and perform the following operations:

1. We put smears (it is possible even different flowers);
2. Smoothed and smoothed area;
3. We polish the surface.

• Apply plaster should be very carefully with a spatula, layer by layer. In addition, each layer must dry, then, to eliminate defects, it is cleaned.
• The first layer is the base and is applied as a continuous layer to the surface. This is necessary in order to set the tone and level the surface.
• All subsequent layers are designed to create patterns, drawings and other effects. How to do it? Using a flexible steel spatula, it is necessary to draw short strokes, after which the wall will resemble a leopard skin. Now you need to apply another similar layer, then another and another. This is done before the "spotting" will be barely noticeable and will more resemble the play of light and shadow.
• The work must be secured with a finishing coat of wax. For this, both natural and synthetic wax can be useful. At the same time, natural wax gives the surface a glossy look, and synthetic - waterproof and dull shade. It will be appropriate to use in wet areas (bathroom, pool, etc.). It is better not to use lacquer, the surface may become cloudy from it.
• After applying the last layer, wait 20 minutes and clean the surface in a circular motion with a soft cloth.
• As we mentioned above, when working it is better to use different shades of the same color. For example, the first, second and third layers should be different in pitch, be a little lighter or darker.

During the work it is worth considering several nuances. First, at the beginning and at the end of the smear, the pressure on the trowel must be relaxed (as during scraping), and the thickness of the layer will vary. Secondly, the work is being carried out from one section to another: finished on one - switched to another. When you proceed to leveling and polishing, you need to slightly hook the boundaries of adjacent areas. When applying Venetian plaster practice plays a crucial role, it is better to practice beforehand. The surface is completely dry in a week, but the room is suitable for housing in a day.

Decorative plaster bark beetle: application technology and interior photo

Decorative plaster bark beetle, perhaps one of the most interesting and original surface finishing options. This material with the speaking name in appearance resembles the source tree and is used for both internal and external works. Various irregularities give the plaster a colorful look and help create a cozy and relaxing atmosphere in the house. It is no secret to no one that the monotonous (especially brilliant) surface acts rather annoyingly, while the bark beetle is able to bring peace and tranquility.

How is the bark beetle effect achieved? In many ways, this texture is achieved through marble chips, which is part of it. During application with a spatula, the same baby “scratches” the grooves, due to which oblong and narrow grooves are obtained. The width and depth of the furrow is directly dependent on the size of the grains, which, in turn, are from 0.1 to 3.5 mm. That is, the composition may include both small and larger grains of sand. Today, the most popular option is the bark beetle with a crumb from 2 to 2.5 mm.

Characteristic of plaster bark beetle

As mentioned earlier, the material is used for both internal and external works. This versatility is associated with superior performance. We will understand more:

1. Resistance to weather conditions. Bark beetle can withstand temperatures from -55 to +60, does not fade in the sun, does not erode and does not soak in the rain.
2. Hides minor defects and irregularities of the walls.
3. Resistance to mechanical damage: difficult to damage or scratch.
4. Resistance to aggressive environments. At the same time, the bark beetle does not emit harmful substances, which makes it ecologically safe.
5. Durability. Indoors, the material is able to maintain the original appearance up to 15 years, and outside up to 7 years.
6. The surface covered with plaster can be easily repainted with acrylic or water-based paint. This is very convenient, because for many years you will want to refresh the interior of the house.
7. Easy to clean: can be cleaned with a rag, brush or even a vacuum cleaner.

Consider what it looks like decorative plaster bark beetle in the interior

How to choose a bark beetle plaster

The material is produced in bags (as a dry mix) and in buckets (pasty mixes). This must be taken into account, because with a ready-made mixture of problems there will be less, but it also costs more. This is due to the fact that the material is prepared with the addition of synthetic fillers.

Most often in the market you will meet the material in white color, although sometimes you can stumble on other colors. What is it done for? Everything is simple - if desired, the mixture can acquire any shade and this can be done in several ways. The first is to add dye to the plaster mass during mixing, and the second is to decorate an already dried surface. Особенностью материала является неограниченные декоративные возможности, ведь «источенный» рисунок можно нанести различными способами: крест-накрест, кругами, волнами или даже хаотично. При этом материал достаточно прост в работе и способен скрыть мелкие погрешности, которые вы можете допустить в процессе нанесения.

Сегодня на рынке существует большой спрос на декоративную штукатурку и каждый производитель пытается расхвалить свою продукцию всеми возможными способами. Но на самом деле, если при изготовлении материала была выдержана технология, то существенной разницы в качестве быть попросту не может. Поэтому при выборе декоративной штукатурки ориентируйтесь на собственный вкус и внимательно ознакомьтесь с готовыми образцами. Импортная штукатурка практически не отличается по качеству от отечественных производителей, но экономить все же не стоит. Ведь чем дешевле материал, тем больше вероятность, что технология производства не была выдержана или вовсе была произведена кустарным способом.

Что еще нужно учитывать при выборе штукатурки «короед»? Ну, прежде всего, необходимо знать, что расход материала может отличаться и зависит от диаметра минерального зерна, который входит в ее состав. Например, с диаметром зерна 2,5 мм вам понадобится 3 кг штукатурки на 1 м2, а с размером 3,5 мм – 4 кг/м2.

Область применения и приготовление штукатурки «короед»

Материал применяется как при отделке стен, так и при отделке потолков. Его можно использовать на любой поверхности, которая способна к адгезии (проще говоря сцеплению) и во время эксплуатации не будет гнуться: гипсокартон, кирпич, бетон, ДСП, цементная штукатурка и т.д. Короед является финишным покрытием и наносится небольшим слоем (чуть больше диаметра зерна), поэтому не пытайтесь заполнить большие трещины и ямы на стенах.

Bark beetle is applied on a flat, primed and clean surface. Therefore, if there are traces of paint, lime or other materials, they must be removed.

The technology of applying the bark beetle and its preparation methods are described in detail in the instructions on the purchased material. That she must be guided. But the general instructions will be as follows:

• when preparing a mixture of plaster poured into the water, and not vice versa;
• water should be warm, about 20 ° C;
• The solution is mixed with a drill with a mixer nozzle and at low speed;
• you shouldn’t do it manually, it’s still not possible to mix well;
• stirring occurs until no lumps are noticeable. After that, the material needs to stand for about 5 minutes and mix it again;
• пропорции воды, сухой штукатурной смеси и длительность использования короеда зависят от конкретной марки и указаны в инструкции. Одна смесь может через час уже схватываться, в то время как другая и три часа спокойно может пролежать в емкости. При этом освежить с помощью подлива воды никак не получится. Вот почему так важно придерживаться инструкции от производителя.

Нанесение декоративной штукатурки короед

1. Небольшим количеством смесь наносится на поверхность и размазывается равномерным, тонким слоем.
2. After the material thickens (about 30 minutes), it is necessary to go lightly and gliding on the surface with a float. This is necessary to align the layer and create a pattern. Beginners can use simpler, traditional types of drawings: rain, waves, circles, etc. The main thing - it is confident and soft movements, you should not push too hard on the grater. Remember, the longer the bark beetle is rolled out - the less noticeable the drawing will turn out, the surface will become glossy and the effect of plaster will be lost.
3. When working with a large surface, it is advisable to enlist the help of a friend: one applies plaster and the other wipes the surface. Bark beetle is quite simple to apply, even beginners are able to cope with this task.
4. The recommended temperature of the working room should remain in the range of +5 to +25 degrees. But if the mixture is a multi-colored coating, then the room should be no colder than +10 degrees.
5. It is desirable to apply the plaster without a break, in one go. But if circumstances are forced, then the masking tape should be glued on the border of the applied mixture, so the material will not dry out. Depending on the brand, the bark beetle dries from 1 to 5 days. After you can proceed to staining. If acrylic paint is used for this, then 5 days will not be enough, you should wait a couple of weeks. And for silicate and 3 days will be enough.

Check the quality. Well done work is visible immediately: without joints, there is no “glossiness”, the surface is textured. Otherwise, cracks may appear in a few weeks if the material was laid incorrectly or too thick.

Structural plaster

Structural plaster has the form of heterogeneous granular mass with the addition of various small pebbles, granules, quartz, wood fibers, mica, etc. The binding material may be a synthetic latex, potassium silicate or cement-lime mixture, which are water-based or solvent-based. Sold such a plaster in finished form in small buckets or metal cans.

Plaster mass consists of "grains" of various sizes and, accordingly, can be coarse and fine-grained. Their decorative abilities are very different. For example, fine-grained plaster looks almost flat, and with the addition of larger granules, the wall acquires a peculiar textural surface. Of course, a lot depends on the method of application whether it is a spatula, roller or sprayer.

Plasticity and "obedience" when working with tools - the inherent advantages of the material. Such plaster is excellent for applying on any surface: brick, concrete, wood, drywall, cement, metal, etc. Most often used for decoration of bathrooms, halls, ceilings, fences and facades. By the way, if the work takes place inside the house, then it is better to use water-based plaster - it does not smell.

The material is initially available in white, but if you wish, you can add pigments of any color and get the desired shade. Such a procedure can be done both by yourself and ask the experts in the store. If you decide to do it yourself, then remember - you should not be zealous with pigments. The second option is more practical, because you get exactly the color that you select from the catalog.

The advantages of structural plaster

• Applied to virtually any surface: cement, brick, wood, metal, drywall, etc. It is used both at external and at internal furnish;
• Hides small surface defects: cracks, drops, old paint;
• It is resistant to mechanical damage and high impact resistance;
• Waterproof: the plastered wall is easy to clean with ordinary detergents;
• Resistance to temperature drops from -45 to +70 degrees;
• Allow to create original relief solutions;
• The porous structure allows the wall to "breathe";
• Relatively low cost.

Structural Plaster

1. First you need to prepare the walls. The surface must be clean and dry, so we remove the old finishing materials: wallpaper, paint, etc. Ideally smooth the wall is not worth it, instead of us it will make plaster. The main thing - the absence of large differences and depressions.
2. Then we apply a primer on the walls. This is done in order to strengthen the surface and protect against swelling and mold.
3. Is the primer dry? Great, proceed to the application. There are many options and techniques for applying a decorative mixture. All of them depend only on your fantasies. For example, to get the effect of a scratched wall, you need to buy a fine-grained plaster with additives of large granules, and use a textured roller when applied. And if you want to achieve the effect of the sea breeze - you should use a coarse-grained plaster, while it must be applied using spatula-round movements.

Plaster Grafito: photos and examples

Decorative plaster Graphito - one of the most unusual finishing materials of the last generation, with which you can recreate the effect of masonry walls or even original patterns. This plaster is perfectly compatible with any materials, such as: concrete, glass, porcelain, board, foam concrete, chipboard, drywall and many others. It helps to decorate not only the walls, but also fireplaces, facades, walkways and floors. Such material is used not only for interior decoration, but also for exterior, for example, finishing of facades, concrete walls and fences, as well as finishing of any rough textures. It looks no worse than natural or artificial stone and at the same time has a relatively low cost. Any designer fantasies you can make thanks to decorative plaster, which is gaining more and more popularity every day.

Examples of work done with plaster Grafito

Advantages of decorative plaster graphite:

unique embossed texture;

quick and easy application of the material;

possibility of use for almost any surface;

strength, durability;

affordable price.

One of the most popular varieties of Graphite is Country stucco. It looks unusual in the interior, and gives it an original and stylish look. It seems that you see a natural stone in front of you, with its rough texture, extremely attractive in appearance. Such plaster is applied with the help of an automated pistol, and will be much cheaper than a natural or artificial stone. But the interior will turn out not worse, and most importantly, it is absolutely harmless and environmentally friendly.

Grafito received his popularity for its simplicity and softness of lines, as well as imitation of masonry made of stone. Especially imitation rustic style is the most successful version of the application of this type of plaster, because it is not for nothing that many choose it to decorate their homes.

Consider the features of the material

Working with such material does not require special training, so you can decorate your home yourself. In addition, the plaster is beautifully painted, and does not need stamps and forms. With the help of Grafito, you can handle any horizontal or vertical plane, and it does not require additional processing. Excellent adhesion of the mixture to the surface is created due to its application under high pressure. It is incredibly convenient, because such an opportunity reduces the time to finish the surface.

Mineral plaster: composition, photo, application technique

Mineral plaster is a natural, environmentally friendly material, which is a dry mortar, which is used for both internal and external works.

The composition of the mineral plaster and its application

Mineral plaster is made on the basis of lime hydrate, marble granulate, white high-quality Portland cement and light mineral aggregates. This plaster is very economical in cost and is well suited for building insulation. Although there is lime in the composition of the plaster that does not tolerate water, the material itself can be safely cleaned and washed, since it is based on substances that do not allow lime to "melt."

The material is intended for both interior decoration and for facade work. By the way, during facade works, plaster is often used in the system of external insulation. Mineral decorative plaster is not picky in work and it can be applied to any mineral bases, including plaster plaster, asbestos cement, plywood, fiberboard, chipboard, concrete and gypsum board. Still, the mixture is best suited for walls that are prone to abrasion or have a protruding surface (entrances, stairwells, corridors, etc.) as well as for the basement of buildings.

Photos of works performed with mineral plaster

Mineral decorative plaster: advantages

• environmentally friendly material;
• high resistance to mechanical damage and precipitation;
• resistance to temperature and frost resistance;
• allows walls to "breathe";
• fireproof;
• ease of care (for cleaning you can use any detergents).

Mineral Plaster Application Technique

1. The surface must be thoroughly cleaned, leveled and dried.
2. Next, you need to clean the surface of the old finishing materials. Deleting each of the materials has its own difficulties. In more detail for the whole process, read here. After that, it is necessary to putty on the defective areas on the surface and prime.
3. We are waiting for the wall to dry. After that you can start applying the material.
4. According to the instructions on the package, it is necessary to dilute the dry solution with water adhering to these recommendations.
5. Next, you need to process the entire wall without a break, from corner to corner. At the corners and joints it is best to use masking tape, it will allow you to get a flat surface. Beforehand it is necessary to read in the instructions how many layers are recommended to be applied. Quantity may vary by manufacturer. The material does not apply at temperatures below 5 ° C. The material dries within 3 days.

Decorative coating flock: application, description and photo

Flock (translated from the German "flock" - snowflakes, flakes), or as it is also called in the common people "chips" - an unusual version of a decorative coating for interior decoration. The composition of the material consists of colored particles based on acrylic paint, the shape of which really resembles flakes or chips.

The decorative covering flock includes several components:

• acrylic base with delayed drying;
• traditional flock, which is uniformly applied on a wet basis;
• satin or acrylic matt lacquer, necessary to protect the surface and give a finish look.

Possessing a thick consistency, flock can be applied to any surface: wall, ceiling, door, pillars, window sills, cornices, etc. finishing. The "flakes" themselves come in various shapes and sizes. Most often these are particles of a round shape, but there are also other many-sided variants. As for color, the choice is almost limitless. Flock is able to imitate velor, suede, leather. The material conveys all the properties: strength, softness and brightness.

The advantages of flock coating

• ease of care: just wipe the wall with a damp cloth to make the surface look like new;
• resistance to household chemicals: you can not worry about color change;
• hides minor cracks and wall irregularities;
• low degree of abrasion (35 times less than that of felt);
• good thermal insulation (2 mm flock replace 10 mm of polystyrene);
• a wide range in terms of drawings and colors;
• durability, resistance to sunlight;
• ecologically safe;
• prevents the formation of condensate;
• fire resistance;
• ease of application;

Flock coating technology

First you need to prepare the walls: remove the old finish, dirt and dust;

Then level the surface with putty and strengthen the primer. The wall should be dry, uniform, clean without any stains.

Apply adhesive layer. For this we need a wool roller with a pile of medium length. The first adhesive layer dries very quickly, so experts recommend working at a temperature below room temperature. To establish the boundaries of the finish, you can use masking tape.

After applying the glue, without losing a single minute, the flock is applied by spraying it with a flock gun or a special compressor. About any improvised means (vacuum cleaners, fans, etc.) is out of the question. It is best to work with a partner: one master applies glue, the other deals with spraying.

After the base layer dries, remove the excess flock from the surface with a brush. In the case of a metallized flock, a rubber roller is used.

When the surface is completely dry, and it is not less than 12 hours, you can begin to apply varnish. Usually varnished in a single layer with a roller.

Antique plaster

The term "plaster" usually pops up the idea that: "well, this is the kind of material that is used to patch different, not very smooth walls, to seal up the gaps, joints, and other defects." But if you add a dye to the material - we get a unique and beautiful version of the modern decoration of the room. Today there is a large selection of various decorative plaster.

Such plaster received the appropriate name because of the rough and slightly worn appearance. Due to the latex (which is included in its composition) and the special technique of application, the material slightly acquires a light shade in places with the greatest friction. It is worth noting that this option looks very noble.

Штукатурка под старину может использоваться не только при внутренних работах, но и для отделки фасада (венецианская штукатурка, к примеру, так не умеет). Материал выпускается в банках по 4 или 5 литров. Он наносится на загрунтованную поверхность и после высыхания образует специальную пленку, которая имеет неплохую устойчивость к механическим воздействиям. Более того, штукатурка не содержит токсические вещества и не воспламеняется.

Плюсы штукатурки под старину:

1. можно использовать во влажных помещениях;
2. можно использовать как при внутренних работах, так и при отделке фасада;
3. моется любыми моющимися средствами, в которых нет растворителей (вода, мыльный раствор и т.д.);
4. не горит и без токсичных веществ.
5. обладает высокой прочностью (механические воздействия, плохие погодные условия, истирание и т.д.);

Технология нанесения штукатурки под старину

Наносится материал круговыми движениями с помощью кисти с длинным ворсом. А в местах, где будет надавлено сильнее всего, образуется эффект «потертости».

1. Для начала, необходимо подготовить рабочую поверхность. Стена должна быть относительно ровной, чистой и обязательно сухой, без ярко выраженных вмятин, трещин и прочих дефектов. Для этого можно нанести один слой специальной грунтовки, которая высохнет за 4 часа. Более подробно за виды грунтовок читайте вот здесь.
2. Далее с помощью кисти с длинным ворсом раствор наносится по поверхности круговыми движениями. При желании, можно нанести и второй слой другого оттенка.
3. Next, wait until the material dries (from 6 to 12 hours). Then take a sponge or fine sandpaper and lightly clean the surface. You can apply a layer of shiny wax. In fact, it is required.