3.2.1. The territory of the development of Nevsky Prospect.
3.2.1.1. The project "Improvement of Nevsky Prospect. Contract 2 ".
During the second phase of the project, which began in the spring of 2001, the engineering networks were replaced and the pavements were paving with granite tiles in the area from the emb. Car wash to emb. Fontanka; Improvement of the prospectus was carried out (small forms, posts and fences were installed).
As part of the project, a number of buildings were reconstructed on Nevsky Prospekt, in particular, the laying of engineering networks and paving of sidewalks at the corner of Nevsky Prospect and Emb. Moika, Nevsky Prospect and Sadovaya, near the shop of writers and Eliseevsky shop.
Additional works on landscaping along the Gostiny Dvor were carried out. The paving of this site was done according to an individual project: instead of old centuries-old linden trees, new trees were planted, and radical lattices were installed. In accordance with the original plan, young trees, selected not only in size but also in crown shape, took places on the axis of the architectural elements of the facade of the Gostiny Dvor. From the reserved funds are financed the manufacture and installation of lamps, as well as the elimination of "problem areas" that may occur in the first year after the completion of the project.
Analyzing the results of the project “Improvement of Nevsky Prospect. Contract 2 ”, we note the main difficulties that should be taken into account for similar projects at the stage of reconstruction evaluation:
- work without closing the movement;
- the amount of work carried out in the spring-summer period coincides with the height of the tourist season, when the number of vehicles and pedestrians increases dramatically;
- the possibility of extending the project implementation time due to the total amount of road works in the center and on the streets immediately adjacent to the object.
At the first stage, the pilot project included the installation of an automated traffic control system (ASUDD), the replacement of the outdoor lighting system, renovation of engineering networks, paving of sidewalks and landscaping of Nevsky Prospect from the Admiralty Prospect to Nab. Sinks. At the end of 1999, the city administration decided to expand the boundaries of the pilot project with savings from the international tenders for contract work.
Throughout the length of Nevsky Prospect, a new street lighting system has been installed: on-site dismantled 156 obsolete luminaires were replaced with 196 modern lanterns, an ASTM was installed.
3.2.2. The development of Sadovaya street.
3.2.2.1. Information and service center and book salon in the "House of Krylov" (Russian National Library, 20).
Sources of financing the implementation of this project:
a grant ($ 70,000.) provided by the NLR Culture Support Fund from a World Bank loan in the framework of the project “Reconstruction of the Center of St. Petersburg”. For these funds, the latest computer technology and office equipment, cash registers and protivokrazhny equipment, resource support, furniture for the service area;
budgetary funds (2,948,000 rubles) allocated by the Government of the Russian Federation for the reconstruction of premises and equipment for office area furniture.
The Information and Service Center of the Russian National Library is the first center in St. Petersburg that provides paid services to consumers with average incomes and a wide variety of requests: full texts of documents are issued; information about foreign grants for scientific research; information for travel industry specialists and tourists, as well as data on training and education abroad.
3.2.2.2. The concept of reconstruction and development of the investment zone "Sennaya Square".
The main objectives of the development of an investment concept for the reconstruction and development of the “Sennaya Square” investment zone are as follows:
- development of a program for the reconstruction and development of an investment zone based on the effective use of credit funds and attracted private investment with the investment of the first in the development of engineering and transport infrastructure, the second in investment projects for the development of real estate;
- determination of the boundaries and composition of the start-up loan project for engineering equipment and improvement of the Sennaya Square at the expense of the city and identification of possible projects for the development of real estate to offer investors at public auction;
- development of investment and town-planning passports for separate real estate objects for offering to investors on the open market;
- development of a draft technical project for a start-up loan project.
The selection of the territory of the center for the investment of funds of the loan is carried out on the basis of the following principles:
- definition of investment zones as places of concentration of investments formed by urban nodes with the highest indicators of population and centrality;
- ranking of investment zones according to the degree of attractiveness for investors;
- selection of priority areas for the development of investment concepts;
- definition of real estate objects offered by the city to be transferred to investors on investment conditions that provide for recoupment of starting credit projects;
- determination of the boundaries and content of priority starting credit projects of engineering equipment and landscaping of investment areas;
- selection of starting credit projects.
The basis of the formation of investment zones taken urban sites, located in places of the highest concentration of pedestrian traffic and urban activity associated with the functions and qualities inherent in the center. The ranking of urban nodes was made on the basis of an analysis of quantitative indicators of passenger turnover, the intensity of pedestrian flows and the presence of historical, cultural monuments and center-forming functions.
The highest rating received urban sites, coinciding with the subway stations. The ranking of investment zones formed by metro stations was made taking into account the scoring of a number of factors that are crucial for the formation of investment zones.
The main characteristics of the zone "Sennaya Square":
1. Metro unit "Sennaya Square." Is formed by two lines of the subway. The total passenger traffic at Sennaya and Sadovaya stations amounted to 254.6 thousand passengers per day. This is the third largest figure after the metro stations "Gostiny Dvor" and "Znamenskaya Square."
2. Incompleteness of construction and arrangement and / or inadequacy of the urban environment in the Sennaya Sq. estimated at 10 points (the highest). To remedy the situation, it requires immediate intervention of the city.
3. The level of profitability of real estate on Sennaya Sq. corresponds to the average level of rental rates for the implementation of the trade function.
4. The level of costs for the release and preparation of the territory is estimated as average.
5. The potential capacity of the investment zone has high rates.
6. The investment zone “Sennaya Square” received the highest number of points in accordance with the high rates of all factors.
The scope of work of the starting loan project in Sennaya Sq. is shown in Table 3.1.
When reconstructing such complexes as the “Sennaya Ploshchad”, connected with the meridional highways of St. Petersburg, one should take into account the need to create a modern territorial complex that meets the requirements of business life and is mostly privately owned. Such projects can be an example of multifaceted international cooperation.
3.2.3. The concept of reconstruction and development of investment zones: “Vladimirskaya Square” (Fig. 3.1., Table. 3.2.), “Konyushennaya Square” (Fig. 3.2., Table. 3.3.) “Theater Square”.
The proposed reconstructive measures transform the territory into attractive investment zones and create comfortable conditions for the residents, while maintaining the original identity and originality. The authors believe that all such projects should be evaluated on the basis of the principle of preserving historical value, creating investment attractiveness.
3.2.4. Development of the Apraksin Dvor territory.
In July 2002, the Governor of St. Petersburg approved the concept of investment development of the Apraksin Dvor territory. In November of the same year, the Agency for Reconstruction and Development Apraksin Dvor, which signed the relevant agreement with the KUGI, began its execution.
Of the 40 projects in the framework of this development program, 37 are reconstruction projects. However, the main problem of the development of the Apraksin Dvor territory lies not in the economic, but in the legal field. These are the most complex property relationships of all the entities that operate within the framework of this reconstruction project. Legal disputes have led to the fact that in the future the whole territory will be divided between private owners, for example, CC "Peter", CJSC PREO "Non-residential fund", "Antey", "Euroclass St. Petersburg", "Olympics", "Mercator", Trading House Nevskaya Cosmetics, Nevskaya Optika Holding. In this regard, the long-term prospective development of the territory may be difficult due to formal legal procedures.
This circumstance characterizes the fact that when evaluating reconstruction it is necessary to create a reserve for the elimination of legal risks for the development of reconstruction projects.
3.2.5. The project of completion of the construction of the metro station "Admiralteyskaya".
This project is more economic than technical, since it is recognized as indefinable under the terms of returning funds spent on construction and reconstruction to the city budget. The main objective of the project was the development and justification of options for the final decision by the administration of St. Petersburg to locate the vestibule and the inclined course of the underground Admiralteyskaya station on the right-bank metro line.
Evaluation of the socio-economic effect of the project on the priority options for completing the construction of the Admiralteyskaya station showed that the project has an important social value for city residents: it creates a prerequisite for economic development in the historic center, reduces the burden on the metro in the city center.
3.2.6. The project of the central tram ring in the historical center of St. Petersburg.
A comprehensive reconstruction of a tram farm along a 12.5 km ring road was carried out along Sadovaya Street, Troitsky Bridge, Kronverksky Ave., Dobrolyubova Ave., Tuchkov Bridge, Sredniy Ave., 8th Line VO, Leytenant Schmidt Bridge, Square and st. Labor, Theater Square. and st. Glinka to Sadovaya Street
As a result of comparing the options for the reconstruction of the railway facilities for German, Czech and domestic technologies, domestic structures and traditional ways of producing works with the lowest cost — 8.4 million — were recommended. $. (German technology - $ 12.9 million.).
Evaluation of the social, environmental and economic efficiency of creating a ring tram route based on the calculation of passenger traffic showed that the project has an important social value, at the expense of savings, the time spent by passengers is reduced and the environmental situation improves.
Under the terms of the total budget and public efficiency, the project will pay off in 4 years.
Estimating the cost and commercial effectiveness of organizing a special tourist route along a ring road with independent settling routes and six pavilions for serving tourists showed that the cost of work would be $ 2.9 million, and the payback period would be 5 years.
3.2.7. Comprehensive scheme of traffic management (KSOD) in the center of St. Petersburg.
The concept of improving the organization of movement on the main routes of investment zones includes:
- formation of bypass highways for unloading the center from the transit and freight traffic (works are carried out at the expense of the city budget);
- implementation of the program of reconstruction and repair of main streets and roads, including Sadovaya St., Moskovsky Ave., emb. Fontanka, Ligovsky Prospect, and others;
- introduction of AUDTS at all regulated intersections of the main means of communication of investment zones (170 intersections). The work of ASUDD will reduce the total transport delays from 43.0 to 32.0 thousand machine hours per day. Priority addresses of the implementation of the system - Nevsky Prospect, Sadovaya Str., Liteyny Ave;
- implementation of measures ensuring the priority of public transport movement over an individual way of identifying lanes for the movement of passenger transport only (Nevsky Prospect, Ligovsky Prospect, Zagorodny Prospect);
- further development of one-way traffic (Nevsky Prospect - Goncharnaya St., Vosstaniya St. - Mayakovsky St.);
- improvement and development of the parking system of passenger cars with the prohibition of parking on busy highways (Sadovaya St., Zagorodny Ave, etc.), the introduction of a differentiated payment of parking spaces for passenger cars in the city center and on the approaches to it;
- reducing the level of road accidents through the construction of underground pedestrian crossings;
- differentiation of transport speeds for different categories of highways.
The implementation of all these types of work will provide:
- reduction of the total transport delays at the intersections of the main lines of communication of investment zones by 33%;
- increase the weighted average accessibility of investment zones on public transport by 6-8%;
- an increase in the average speed of passenger cars from 18 to 29 km / h and the speed of communication on land-based modes of transport on the main routes of communication of investment zones by an average of 8-10%.
With the implementation of priority measures (the introduction of ASUDD, repair and reconstruction of highways, improving the parking system), the payback period of the project will be 6 months.
3.2.8. “Reconstruction and restoration of the Capella yards”.
According to the town-planning concept, the pilot project envisaged the implementation of a complex of works on the reconstruction and improvement of the territory adjacent to the Academic Capella. Glinka, to create a pedestrian zone and the restoration of the Royal Porch of the Chapel, destroyed during the Great Patriotic War. In 1999, at the expense of saving borrowed funds received during tenders, it was decided to include in the pilot project work on the restoration of the interiors of the Tsar’s Porch of the Capella.
In the framework of the pilot project:
- settled apartments located in the first floors of passage yards;
- updated engineering communications;
- repair and restoration works were performed on the facades of the complex “Yards of the Chapel”;
- repairs and restoration of the façades of the concert hall were carried out with the restoration of the lost Royal Porch;
- comprehensive landscaping and paving were carried out, the exterior lighting system of the pedestrian zone was replaced;
- installed decorative lighting of the facade of the Capella building;
- a covered arcade was built in the courtyard adjacent to Bolshaya Konyushennaya Street.
Initially, the feasibility study for the return of funds invested in the reconstruction included income from renting out on the competitive conditions the first-floor premises liberated as a result of resettlement. During the project, the concept of the subsequent use of residential buildings belonging to the Capella complex and being in federal ownership has changed. Legally divided were the Capella building, which is a monument of federal significance, and residential buildings in the courtyards that are not classified as “historical heritage”. This made it possible to conduct a program of restructuring the complex of Capella real estate objects and to attract funds from private investors in the reconstruction of residential buildings of the complex.
3.2.9. Architectural and cultural historical monuments are objects of the federal targeted program “Preservation and Development of the Historical Center of St. Petersburg”. Evaluation of their reconstruction should more closely take into account aesthetic and cultural requirements, rather than economic ones.
3.2.9.1. Sheremetev Palace (Theatrical Art Museum, Akhmatova Museum (34 Fontanka Embankment)
Since the beginning of the renovation (1998), the following rooms have been commissioned: White, Green and Crimson living rooms, the Molding Room, the Small Dining Room, the Small Waiter's Room, Pre-Church Church, the Antique and Arc Rooms, Avanthall, the White Hall, entrance lobby; reconstruction of the roof and attic floors with an area of 1700 m2. The restoration of the Yellow and Etruscan drawing rooms, the Armory Cabinet, the Dome Church, the gate fence, and the facades are underway. Drainage works are carried out on the territory of the garden with re-laying of engineering networks and landscaping.
3.2.9.2. Central Naval Museum (Birzhevaya Sq., 4)
The facades of the building are preserved in the author’s authenticity, thanks to regular maintenance repairs. In 1970-1971 the reconstruction of the ceiling above the colonnade was carried out, replacing wooden beams and recreating decorative caissons.The last repairs of facades were made in 1977-1978. and 1985-1987 In 1998-2000 at the expense of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the roof with eaves overhangs above the main building volume and above the columns was replaced.
In this case, when evaluating a reconstruction project, it is necessary to take into account the funds for each year of operation of the reconstructed object in accordance with the residual service life of its main elements. This will allow the object to be maintained in a stable, favorable from a town-planning point of view, and to carry out its planned reconstruction in certain equal periods of time.
3.2. 9.3. Mariinsky Theatre
В результате комплексной реконструкции и реставрации в Мариинском театре будут созданы условия, отвечающие творческим возможностям и постановочным требованиям труппы театра, улучшены условия обслуживания зрителей и работы персонала. Проект должен способствовать самофинансированию Мариинского театра в перспективе. Работы по реконструкции и реставрации будут проведены в рамках Проекта экономического развития Санкт-Петербурга и профинансированы с привлечением средств нового займа Всемирного банка.
3.2. 9.4. Здание восточного крыла Главного штаба
Реконструкция восточного крыла Главного штаба позволит более эффективно использовать музейные коллекции Государственного Эрмитажа повысит уровень, предоставляемых услуг.
3.2.9.5. Тенишевское училище (учебный театр «На Моховой» Моховая ул., д. 33-35).
По результатам технического обследования в 1977, 1988 и 1997 гг. большая часть конструкций, декор внутри и снаружи, инженерные системы имеют значительные утраты и износ (по некоторым конструктивным элементам до 100%). В связи с аварийной ситуацией, учебный процесс в здании театра остановлен более 10 лет назад. В 2001 г. завершены работы по лицевому корпусу театра, реставрации зрительного зала, реконструкции галереи, общестроительным работам и инженерному оборудованию, механотехнологии театра, свету, звуку и спецавтоматике, реставрации фасадов, благоустройству территории, реконструкции трансформаторной подстанции и наружным инженерным сетям.
3.2.9.6. Театр музыкальной комедии (Итальянская ул., д. 13)
В 1999-2000 гг. выполнена реставрация парадной лестницы, буфетной, грота, Орехового, Белого, Красного фойе. В настоящее время выполняется весь объем работ по зданиям театра: реставрация внутренних помещений и фасадов, комплексная реконструкция инженерных сетей, реконструкция Большой сцены с заменой постановочного оборудования свето- и звукотехники. Синее фойе сдано в эксплуатацию, ведутся работы по зрительному залу и инженерным сетям. Готовится к вводу в эксплуатацию 1-я очередь театра – Большая сцена.
3.2.9.7. Санкт-Петербургская государственная консерватория им. Н. А. Римского-Корсакова (Театральная пл., 3)
За период 1998–2000 гг. выполнены работы по замене стропильной системы и кровли, реставрации фасадов и балконов. В 2000–2001 гг. за счет гранта МБРР осуществлена реставрация концертного зала им. A.K. Глазунова.
За счет средств федерального бюджета в 2001 г. завершены наружные работы по зданию (реставрация наружных дверей, цоколя и пандуса). В настоящее время ведется реставрация внутренних помещений консерватории.
3.2.9.8. Российский государственный академический театр драмы им. A.S. Пушкина (пл. Островского, д. 2)
Наружные реставрационные работы по зданию театра ведутся с 2000 г. за счет средств федерального бюджета, в частности выполнена реставрация фасадов со стороны ул. Зодчего Росси и Аничкова дворца. В 2002 г. завершена реставрация фасадов со стороны Невского пр., включая реставрацию квадриги Аполлона. Кроме того, ведутся работы по капитальному ремонту внутренних помещений театра: реставрация Б. Каретной галереи, мужских гримерных, зеркал, переоборудование тепловых узлов и замена грузопассажирского лифта. Необходимо продолжить работы по замене оборудования пожаротушения, конструкций поворотного круга сцены. Ведется строительство вспомогательного здания.
Существуют и другие объекты реконструкции, часть работ по которым завершена: особняк Шувалова (наб. р. Фонтанки, д. 21), Воронцовский дворец –Суворовское училище (Садовая ул, д. 26), Александровский парк (Кронверкский пр.), Александровский лицей (Каменноостровский пр., д. 21/14), Больница Марии– Магдалины (1-я линия, д. 58; 2-я линия, д. 47), Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова (ул. Профессора Попова, д. 2).
Особняк Шувалова (наб. р. Фонтанки, д. 21) находится в аварийном состоянии (кровля, чердачные перекрытия, инженерные сети и фасады). Интерьеры внутренних помещений требуют реставрационного ремонта.
При проведении реконструкции объектов исторического центра Санкт-Петербурга необходимо составить каталог проблем, который, по возможности, должен быть учтен при ее осуществлении. В него включаются:
- replacement of temporary constructive and other elements of separate complexes of the historical center with permanent ones;
- determination of budget and social efficiency of each reconstruction project;
- determination of indicators of adaptability of reconstruction projects for the purpose of its evaluation, including by individual structural elements and components;
- simultaneous assessment of reconstruction and restoration of some objects of the historical center.
In addition, the main problems of investing in the reconstruction of objects of historical and cultural monuments include:
- significant costs for the reconstruction and restoration of buildings, monuments with great physical wear and unique decoration of facades and interiors;
- limited opportunities for the new adaptation of buildings, monuments that have preserved planning structure and unique interior decoration;
- lack of prospects for the privatization of objects of reconstruction (in particular, objects of federal significance).
When forming a catalog of problems, the following features of documentary support of objects of reconstruction should be considered:
1. Conducting historical and cultural examination of buildings, monuments with the identification and evaluation of objects of protection. The examination should take into account the following factors:
- physical and moral deterioration of the monument, with an assessment of the state of the object and the environment;
- the impact of the effects of reconstruction on the object and near the located building, taking into account their possible deformations;
- contradictions between the interests of the main participants of the reconstruction project related to the prospect of using the monument and the volume of attracted investments;
The main purpose of the examination is to obtain reliable complete data on the state of the object and the environment in accordance with the applicable rules and requirements.
2. Formation of special conditions of privatization, which are the basis for the alienation of the building-monument to state ownership.
3. The need for active development of a single database of architectural monuments and buildings of the historical center of St. Petersburg to attract investments in objects to be reconstructed, and assess their investment attractiveness.
Что бы оставить комментарий войдите
Комментарии (0)