Finishing work. 3. The main types of finishing coatings and their definitions

The device of finishing coatings is the final stage of the construction of buildings and structures. Their purpose is to give the building a finished look that meets the hygienic and aesthetic requirements and functional purpose of the premises.

Finishing coatings must be sufficiently durable, protect building structures from environmental influences, ensure normal operating conditions and meet the aesthetic requirements laid down in the project. The used finishing materials must be technologically advanced for the production of works, cost-effective, ensuring minimal labor costs during the construction, operation and repair work.

Technologically, the finishing of buildings includes glazing, plastering, surface cladding, installation of suspended ceilings, surface finishing with painting, roll and sheet materials, floor covering.

Glazing - filling in the building or structure of the openings left to transmit light. Glazing can be exterior (filling window openings, entrance and balcony doors, shop windows and other elements of civilian buildings, lights of civil and industrial buildings) and interior (translucent partitions and doors, stained glass windows, transom, etc.).

Plastering - coating the exterior and interior structures of buildings and structures with a protective layer, which, depending on the materials used, can perform a variety of functions.

Facing surfaces - giving the surfaces greater architectural and aesthetic expressiveness by applying facing materials and products to them.

The device of suspended ceilings - the creation of an additional ceiling to provide the required aesthetic and acoustic characteristics of the room.

Painting with painting compositions - applying paint coatings on vertical and horizontal surfaces of buildings and premises (after careful preliminary preparation of the base for this coating), giving the surfaces an external expressiveness, which significantly improves the protective properties of structures.

Covering surfaces with rolled materials - gluing wallpaper and synthetic films on walls and ceilings to give the rooms aesthetic expressiveness and elegance.

Laying floor coverings - making coatings of various structural materials (on an appropriate basis), which for a long time must absorb operational loads from people moving, goods moving, cars moving in parking, significant static loads, etc.

Finishing coatings are characterized by considerable labor-intensive, busy, and as a result (including technological interruptions for drying the intermediate layers), the duration of the work. The progress of the room finishing technology is based on the creation of new progressive materials, a significant reduction in wet processes requiring long-term drying, the extensive use of mechanisms and means of small-scale mechanization for a sharp reduction in the complexity of finishing work.