The report details the geomorphology (relief of the area or area where geotechnical survey or exploration was carried out), focuses on geodynamic processes that may develop in the area under consideration, including after changes in environmental conditions due to land development.
The main part of the report is taken up by a detailed coverage of the formation of soils, viewed from top to bottom, and their physical and mechanical properties. This draws attention to possible changes in these properties during construction from meteorological factors, as well as under the influence of heavy machinery and mechanisms used by builders in the construction of pits and foundation works.
The report provides the regulatory and design characteristics of soils for the calculation of bases and foundations for deformation and strength (stability). In addition, it should contain information about the soils, cut through the foundations, necessary for the calculation of the mounting walls of the pits.
Particularly should be noted the groundwater regime of each aquifer - the appearance of groundwater during drilling, their steady level and forecast of the highest position of the groundwater level during the construction and operation of the structure. On the basis of laboratory definitions, the aggressiveness of the groundwater and soil in relation to concrete and in some cases to steel is established.
The report summarizes the analysis of the materials obtained and provides recommendations on the assessment of soils as the foundation of the structure, on the choice of the type of foundations (on a natural basis, pile foundations, etc.) and a forecast of environmental changes. These recommendations of the engineer-geologist are not obligatory for the designer, however, to some extent they are taken into account when designing.
After the findings, the report contains applications that include data of laboratory and field tests of soils in the form of a table and graphs, a plan of the site with contours, with the location of wells and other workings, as well as existing structures, columns on the workings performed during the present and previous surveys geological and lithological sections (longitudinal and transverse). In some cases, cutting maps are given at a given depth and the roof of the base layer, engineering geological zoning, hydroiso-gypsum map, etc.
Proper accounting of materials contained in the engineering-geological report, allows you to find the most rational solutions for the design of foundations and underground parts of structures.
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