Tests on the aesthetics of design and architecture 122 test

1. What is aesthetics?

a) the methodological basis of artistic culture;

b) the science of beauty;

c) systemic knowledge of art;

d) sensory cognition.

2. Who is the author of the word "aesthetics"?

a) Aristotle;

b) Baumgarten;

c) Socrates;

d) Schiller.

3. What are the features of ancient art?

a) measure;

b) beauty;

c) harmony;

d) cosmologism.

4. Who revealed the secret of the two origins - Dionysian and ApolloFovsky?

a) F. Nietzsche;

b) F. Schiller;

c) Plato;

d) G. Heine.

5. Identify the characteristics of the Middle Ages:

a) symbolism;

b) allegorism;

c) theocentrism;

d) humanism.

6. Determine which concepts relate to the style of "classicism":

a) Empire;

b) academic;

c) rationalism;

d) harmony.

7. What are the characteristics of postmodernism?

a) dynamism;

b) mosaic;

c) traditionalism;

d) pluralism.

8. What refers to the Baroque style?

a) mannerism;

b) gongomorism;

c) expressionism;

d) rationalism.

9. What artistic trends unites modernism?

a) abstractionism;

b) impressionism;

c) symbolism;

d) romanticism.

10. Building art, the ability to design and create cities is:

a) architecture;

b) sculpture;

c) painting;

d) graphics;

e) planning.

11. The image of the objective world on the plane in color is:

a) graphics;

b) sculpture;

c) color;

d) painting;

e) still life.

12. Objects that, performing practical functions, creating convenience in life, have aesthetic properties, belong to the works:

a) painting;

b) music;

c) architecture;

d) decorative art;

e) graphics.

13. The art of drawing is:

a) architecture;

b) composition;

c) fresco;

d) graphics;

e) sculpture.

14. The volumetric-spatial image of objects and phenomena (predominantly human) is:

a) architecture;

b) graphics;

c) painting;

d) sculpture;

d) music.

15. A work made directly on the surface of a wall, ceiling, or on a specially treated canvas is:

a) painting;

b) graphics;

c) still life;

d) landscape;

e) panel.

16. A variety of monumental painting using glass cups, stones, is:

a) fresco;

b) panels;

c) mosaic;

d) portrait;

e) engraving.

17. The painting made directly on the wall, on wet plaster, is:

a) graphics;

b) fresco;

c) panel;

d) mosaic;

d) portrait.

18. The location of the figures, objects, color spots and bulk masses is:

a) panel;

b) perspective;

c) composition;

d) color;

e) graphics.

19. The concept of determining the location of the depicted objects in space relative to the eyes is:

a) landscape;

b) perspective;

c) painting;

d) graphics;

d) color.

20. The combination of colors in the painting, the color harmony is:

a) palette;

b) smear;

c) tone;

d) color;

e) composition.

21. The main artistic means are:

a) color;

b) panels;

c) a poster;

d) engraving;

e) architecture.

22. The main expressive means of graphics:

a) line;

b) color;

c) stain;

d) tone;

e) painting.

23. Modern graphics types:

a) easel;

b) monumental;

c) applied;

d) book;

e) poster.

24. Basic requirements for architecture:

a) beauty;

b) integrity;

c) benefit;

d) strength;

e) quality.

25. What style of architecture is characterized by sharp arches and stained glass windows directed upwards?

a) romance;

b) antique;

c) Gothic;

d) classical;

e) Old Russian architecture.

26. What style of architecture is characterized by powerful wooden and shaped walls, majestic jagged towers?

a) Gothic;

b) Old Russian architecture;

c) renaissance;

d) baroque;

e) ancient.

27. What style is most characteristic of a sense of connection with nature, a commitment to the landscape and a desire to exalt a person?

a) renaissance;

b) Old Russian architecture;

c) classicism;

d) baroque;

e) romance.

28. What is the architectural style of the Moscow Kremlin?

a) gothic;

b) romance;

c) antique;

d) Old Russian architecture.

29. Who is the author of the systems theory of art?

a) Hegel;

b) Fichte;

c) Schelling;

d) Goethe;

d) Kant.

30. What does the term “golden section” mean?

a) “divine proportion”;

b) harmonic division of the segment;

c) the human body;

d) the human mind;

e) the human soul.

31. Who introduced the term "golden section"?

a) Raphael;

b) Leonardo da Vinci;

c) Alberti;

d) Brunelleschi;

d) Michelangelo.

32. Who is the theorist of classicism?

a) F. Descartes;

b) Corneille;

c) Facin;

d) Alberti;

e) N. Boileau.

33. To whom does the following statement belong: “Art is almost always harmless and beneficial, it claims only to be called an illusion”?

a) K. Jung;

b) R. Barth;

c) J.L. Sart;

d) A. Bergson;

d) Z. Freud.

34. Who are the ideologues of the artistic direction “roFantism”?

a) F. Schiller;

b) J. J. Rousseau;

c) F. Schlegel;

d) F. Schelling;

d) F. Novalis.

35. Name the representatives of Russian symbolism.

a) A. Block;

b) A. White;

c) V. Ivanov;

d) M. Voloshin;

d) I. Bunin.

36. What is architectonics?

a) artistic expression of the laws of structure;

b) spatial-spatial composition;

c) the architectural event itself;

d) the principle of the structure of the architectural form;

d) a set of specific elements of the composition.

37. Who is the author of the Ten Books on Architecture?

a) N. Boileau;

b) L. Bernini;

c) L. Alberti;

d) Vitruvius;

d) F. Brunelleschi.

38. What is “mimesis” in ancient Greek culture?

a) perfect techne;

b) perfect space;

c) imitation of nature;

d) the coincidence of works of art with their natural images;

e) mastery indefinable from craft.

40. What is the essence of the aesthetic principles of "catharsis" in ancient culture?

a) knowledge;

b) cleansing;

c) elevation;

d) separation of the worst from the best;

e) recovery.

41. What is the ancient Greek "kalokagatiya"?

a) ideal in achieving natural perfection;

b) a set of advantages;

c) the carrier of the public good, good, beauty;

d) the embodiment of beauty;

e) the perfection of physical and spiritual.

42. What aesthetic concepts have served as the theoretical basis of modernism?

a) A. Bergson's intuitivism;

b) G. Reid's neointuitivism;

c) the collective unconscious K. Jung;

d) individual unconscious Z. Freud;

e) B. Croce's lyrical intuition.

43. What currents belong to the modernist direction?

a) nabizm;

b) Fauvism

c) cubism;

d) Dada;

e) surrealism.

44. How can you characterize the baroque style?

a) the artistic style of the era of absolutism, rolling graF

be reasonable;

b) court pomp;

c) the abundance of composite elements;

d) appeal to the ancient heritage as the norm and ideal;

e) return to religious spirituality.

45. What is romanticism as a type of culture?

a) appeal to exotic cultures;

b) care in their own inner world;

c) rationalism and anthropocentrism;

d) departure from reality to another world;

e) idealization of the past, especially the medieval.

46. ​​What are the specifics of the postmodern understanding of the "new"?

a) modern means new in comparison with the past;

b) the new that gives the opportunity to experience pleasure;

c) the eroticism of novelty;

d) new, connected with the past;

e) pure, absolute novelty.

47. Who owns the treatise: “Lives of the most famous painters, sculptors and architects?

a) Alberti;

b) Philaret;

c) Palladio;

d) Vasari;

d) Da Vinci.

48. Who gave the mathematical and geometric interpretation of beauty?

a) Da Vinci;

b) Raphael;

c) Dürer;

d) Alberti;

d) Michelangelo.

49. What is kitsch?

a) a spectacular hack;

b) a sample of vulgarity;

c) imitation of unique products;

d) high art;

e) a sample of mass culture.

50. What is characteristic of such a direction as sentimentalism?

a) rationality;

b) sensuality;

c) melancholicity;

d) elevation;

e) touching.

51. Who is the author of the book “Laocoon or on the limits of painting and poetry”?

a) Herder;

b) Lessing;

c) Goethe;

d) Diderot;

d) Rousseau.

52. What is conceptual art?

a) bodyfart;

b) performance;

c) the system of forms of modern naturalism;

g) landFart;

e) video Fart.

53. What artistic trends are avant-garde?

a) futurism;

b) cubism;

c) surrealism;

d) expressionism;

e) Dada.

54. A typical manifestation of elite culture is

a) theory and practice of "pure art";

b) the theory and practice of "art for art";

c) the association "World of Art"

d) "dehumanization" F is the basis of the new art;

e) orientation towards purely practical, utilitarian activity.

55. Who first used the concept of postmodernism?

a) Lyotard;

b) Hassan;

c) Toynbee;

d) Fidler;

e) Eco.

56. What is the role of the Gothic cathedral in the culture of the Middle Ages?

a) place of theatrical performances and meetings;

b) the main architectural structure;

c) the dominant art form;

d) place of worship;

e) the dominant of the city.

57. What is the artistic style of the Tower of Pisa?

a) Gothic;

b) romance;

c) baroque;

d) classicism;

e) Mannerism.

58. What does the symbolism of the cross mean?

a) the oldest solar sign;

b) "The Light of the Great Fire";

c) a radiator of cosmic energy;

d) the symbol of Christ;

e) the symbol of death.

59. What does the rose symbolize in Catholicism?

a) special rosaries and prayer ("rosary");

b) the church in general;

c) fall and reflection;

d) holiness;

e) unity and union.

60. Determine the main directions in the development of aesthetic ideas and artistic culture of Russia in the late XIX - early XX century (silver age):

a) aesthetics "pure art;

b) the aesthetics of the transformative role of realistic art;

c) Marxist aesthetics;

d) aesthetics of “spiritual-moral self-improvement”;

e) aesthetics of “religious and moral perfection” and

cosmism.

61. What is art?

a) creatively-aesthetic orientation of a person in the world;

b) a set of immutable rules;

c) artistic and beautiful;

d) the manifestation of aesthetic development of nature by man and

culture;

e) complex open system.

62. What characterizes conceptualism?

a) an irrational vision of life;

b) as an avant-garde trend in contemporary art;

c) intentionally demonstrative manifestation of the author's concept;

d) the transformation of the work into a concept;

e) an active game with recognizable styles, stamps, massive

consciousness.

63. Describe the concept of "myth":

a) canonical education;

b) anticipating the future;

c) legend, legend, ancient history;

d) the sphere of sacred and secret knowledge;

e) the story of the origin and structure of the world.

64. What is style in culture?

a) the aspiration of all elements to a single artistic

center;

b) an integral system of artistic images;

c) typological integrity, the principle of organization

the national world;

d) expression of the functional features of the object or phenomenon;

e) the quality of a particular culture.

65. What is a work of art?

a) the social being of art;

b) the unity of meaning and value;

c) a combination of the real and the ideal;

d) the system of artistic images;

e) the artist's personal expression.

66. What are the stages to distinguish in the formation of cultural anthropology?

a) ethnographic;

b) evolutionary;

c) historical;

d) structurally functional;

e) poststructuralist.

67. Who for the first time identified the problem "East F West"?

a) ancient Persians;

b) the ancient Greeks;

c) the ancient Egyptians;

d) the ancient Romans;

e) ancient Sumerians.

68. Give the definition of technology:

a) human activity, systematization and effective use of knowledge;

b) a collection of artifacts;

c) skill, skill, art;

d) the symbolic being of man;

e) an object artificially made by man.

69. What methods among theoretical phenomena are considered important?

a) constructivist;

b) hypothetical fdued;

c) axiomatic;

d) doctrinaire;

e) pragmatic.

70. What does the term "aesthetic" in Greek mean? a) beautiful;

b) artistic;

c) feeling, sensual.

71. What is the subject of aesthetics as a science?

a) the aesthetic development of man of the world and the study of it

as well as creative activity

b) the study of beauty;

c) artistic relationships.

72. Name correctly two ways of existence of aesthetics on a theoretical level.

a) implicit;

b) abstract;

c) explicit.

73. With what similar concepts in content does the concept of “beautiful” relate to in modern architecture?

a) amazing;

b) unusual;

c) mysterious;

d) classic.

74. What components are involved in the creation of buildings and structures under the laws of beauty?

a) function, design, shape;

b) materials and structures.

75. Describe the design as an important part of aesthetic relationships.

a) artistic and design activities to create a beautiful

and useful habitat;

b) contemplation and use of beautiful and functional

comfortable things.

76. What actions is the act of creativity?

a) productive imagination, active action, embodiment

aesthetic ideal of personality;

b) the intention of the artist and his embodiment.

77. In what historical period does art arise as the justified side of the practical activity of people?

a) during the Neolithic period;

b) in the days of Antiquity;

c) in the Middle Ages.

78. Give the correct definition of categories of aesthetics.

a) concepts reflecting various facets of the beautiful;

b) the qualitative certainty of the ratio of the ideal and the realF

foot;

c) the field of man's spiritual and material experience.

79. What categories of aesthetics are able to express our feelings at the moment of contact with the perception of architecture of ancient Russian temples?

a) beautiful, sublime;

b) magnificent, beautiful;

c) sad, sad.

80. What categories of aesthetics can express our feelings at the moment of contact with the perception of objects of design in the style of "streamline"?

a) beautiful, pleasant;

b) convenient, comfortable;

c) dynamic, rapid.

81. What is the role of architecture as art in human life?

a) architecture creates a beautiful, comfortable and secure pro.

space for human activity;

b) architecture expresses the idea of ​​the universe;

c) architecture creates material values.

82. What is the role of design as an art form in modern life?

a) decorates the life of people with beautiful things;

b) serves as a continuation of the functions of a person in his activity;

c) designs the surrounding and beautiful for a person

world.

83. What are the stages of art in its historical development?

a) symbolic art, classical art, romantic

art of art;

b) ancient art, ancient art, Christian art.

84. What is the result of man’s knowledge of the world through art?

a) figurative thinking;

b) correction, renewal of the old aesthetic ideal: its replacement

new ideal;

c) objective truth.

85. What are the stages of artistic activity in the act of creativity.

a) the emergence of an artistic intention;

b) the awakening of inspiration;

c) productive imagination;

d) the active action of the artist to translate his aesthetic

ical ideal;

e) the reality of the work of art;

f) correction of the aesthetic ideal of the personality of an ordinary person by perceiving and mastering the artistic image of a work in the inner world of a person;

g) the reproduction of the artwork;

h) the creation of art collections;

i) exhibition activities.

86. Explain how rational and emotional are merged into an artistic image.

a) the rational basis of the artistic image is the original objective reality (phenomenon, event), and the creative individuality of the artist gives it emotional;

b) they interact dialectically, constitute itself F

lush unity of opposites;

c) they are not connected in any way, they are different entities.

87. Features of the artistic image in contemporary art.

a) fundamentally changeable under the influence of many external and

internal transformations, unstable self-organizing artistic image;

b) the image, as a result of the shaping of surprise, chance, spontaneity;

c) its artistic symbol F flow, bizarre trajectory

movement.

88. Which refers to expressive means of expressive means in art (correctly indicate four)

a) rhythm;

b) coloristic unity;

c) texture;

d) scale;

e) beauty;

f) text.

89. Give the definition of the artistic form of the artistic image in a work of art.

a) this embodiment of figuratively expressive means

idea of ​​the artist;

b) this is a certain impression that the artist has thought up beforehand

from the work;

c) it is a beautiful appearance of art.

90. What is an artistic symbol?

a) the deep completion of the artistic image, its essential

artistic (non-verbalizable - indescribable) content;

b) the essential core of the artistic image of the work;

c) a creative mediator between truth and appearance.

91. What is the artistic canon?

a) role model;

b) a carrier of traditions of a certain artistic thinking and

relevant artistic practice;

c) the system of internal creative rules and norms peculiar to the art of any historical period or artistic direction, defining the main principles of artistic thinking, fixing the main structural and laws of specific types of art.

92. In which treatise of the famous architect Andrea Palladio an attempt was made to revive canonical thinking in relation to architectural creativity?

a) “Four books on architecture”;

b) "Rule of five orders of architecture";

c) “Ten books on architecture”.

93. Какому автору принадлежит современный канон модернизма «Пять принципов современной архитектуры»?

а) Ми сван дер Рое;

б) Ле Корбюзье;

в) В. Гропиусу.

94. Что такое «стиль» в искусстве, в архитектуре?

а) достаточно устойчивая для определенного периода искусства, или для конкретного направления, течения, школы многоуровневая целостная система принципов художественного мышления, способов образного выражения, изобразительноFвыразительных приемов;

б) более свободная в формах и проявлениях модификация канона в

его чисто эстетическом смысле;

в) общность принципов художественноFпластического выражения.

95. Какие из перечисленных архитектурных стилей относятся к Средневековью?

а) ренессанс;

б) готика;

в) романтика;

г) классицизм;

д) барокко;

е) рококо.

96. Перечислите общность принципов художественноFпластичесFкого выражения стиля модерн(ар нуво)?

а) гибкие текучие линии;

б) орнаментальный ритм;

в) стилизованный растительный узор;

г) поэтика символизма;

д) строгие иерархические цвета;

е) яркие цвета.

97. Дайте определение ритма как основного понятия в эстетике

а) периодическое повторение какихFлибо явлений через опредеF

ленные промежутки времени;

б) раздел стиховедения;

в) скорость протекания, совершения чегоFлибо.

98. Что такое ритм в архитектуре?

а) закономерное изменение пространственных форм и их распоF

ложения в пространстве на основе повторяемости форм и интервалов;

б) симметрия, равновесие, гармония значений;

в) равномерная повторяемость форм и интервалов.

99. Что являлось единственным идеалом для древних греков? а) красота;

б) благо;

в) красивое человеческое тело.

100. Что лежало в основе древнегреческой эстетики? а) античная мифология;

б) философскоFлогические повторения;

в) понятие красоты.

101. Какое определение искусства дает Аристотель? а) суть искусства – подражание (мемесис);

б) искусство – это мастерство, техне.

102. Какой триадой характеризуется искусство в период АнтичFности?

а) польза, прочность, красота;

б) форма, функция, конструкция;

в) поэсис, мемесис и техне.

103. Каким темам архитектуры и строительства посвящены книги трактата знаменитого римского инженера Витрувия (выберите правильно четыре темы)?

а) строительство;

б) гномоника (устройство часов);

в) устройство водопровода;

г) государственное право;

д) теория музыки;

е) механика военных машин и механизмов.

104. Как назывался труд епископа Исидора об опыте строительства Софии Константинопольской?

а) «Этимология» или «Двадцать начал истинных знаний»;

б) «История королей готов»;

в) «Учение о камне».

105. Какие приемы характеризуют особенности художественного языка византийской живописи(укажите правильных пять)?

а) плоскостность изображений;

б) фронтальность и статичность главных фигур, внимание к ликам

персонажей;

в) передача индивидуальных черт персонажей;

г) повышенная декоративность;

д) использование золота и ярких светностных цветов;

е) реалистичность изображений;

ж) эстетически значимые деформации изображенных предметов (прежде всего тел).

106. Были ли традиции византийской архитектуры в разных форFмах унаследованы архитектурными стилями последующих эпох? а) да;

б) нет;

в) частично, с переработкой.

107. Являлись ли трактаты западного средневековья по архитектуре теоретическими трудами?

а) да, в полной мере;

б) нет, это были компилятивные практические руководства для

мастеров стройки.

108. Перечислите отличительные черты культуры эпохи ВозрожFдения (назовите правильно три признака)

а) светский, антиклерикальный(антирелигиозный) характер;

б) гуманистическое мировоззрение;

в) обращение к культурным образцам византизма;

г) обращение к культурному наследию античности;

д) обращение к аскетизму.

109. Что придает искусству эпохи Возрождения большую идейную значимость, величественный героический масштаб?

а) пафос утверждения идеала гармоничной и раскрепощенной

творческой личности;

б) пафос красоты и гармонии действительности, стройности мироF

здания;

в) обращение к человеку как к высшему началу бытия;

г) пафос божественного откровения.

110. Кто автор трактата «О божественной пропорции» и кто его иллюстрировал?

а) автор труда математик Лука Пачоли, иллюстрировал Леонардо

да Винчи;

б) автор труда Леонардо да Винчи, иллюстрировал он же.

111. Какое сооружение Ренессанса стало полнейшим воплощением идеала гармонично уравновешенного дворца храмоподобного объема?

а) вилла Кьерикати;

б) вилла ротонда в Виченце;

в) вилла дЭсте.

112. Укажите правильно название главного теоретического труда А. Палладио?

а) «Десять книг о зодчестве»;

б) «Четыре книги об архитектуре»;

в) «О зодчестве».

113. Какие качества присущи архитектуре классицизма?(назовите пять качеств)

а) четкость и геометризм форм;

б) логичность планировки;

в) ясность, уравновешенность общей композиции;

г) повышенная декоративность;

г) сочетание стены с орденом;

д) сдержанность декора;

е) пышность, декоративность;

ж) бионические формы.

114. Какие принципы характерны для эстетического создания русичей 14F16 веков?

а) соборность эстетического собрания;

б) софийность искусства;

в) высокая духовность;

г) системность и своеобразный синтемизм церковного искусства;

д) символизм;

е) индивидуализм;

ж) рационализм;

з) каноничность.

115. С какими архитектурными стилями соотносится искусство ЗоFлотого Века?

а) эклектика, национальный романтизм, модерн;

б) классицизм;

в) рационализм, функционализм.

116. Какой архитектурный стиль полностью выражает художественFноFпластические идеи Серебряного века?

а) ар нуво (модерн);

б) классицизм;

в) рационализм.

117. Какой архитектор явился основоположником научной реставFрации в середине 19 века?

а) Дж. Рескин;

б) Э.Э. ВиолеFлеFДюк;

в)Г. Земплер;

г) Камилло Зитте.

118. Какое непременное условие возникновения тверчества в искусFстве служит особому виденью действительности по сравнению с обычным по А. Бергсону(1859F1941)

а) память;

б) интуиция;

в)чувства.

119. Какие творческие направления в живописи конца 19 – начала

20 века относятся к авангардным?(назовите правильно 4)

а) кубизм;

б) пуризм;

в) футуризм;

г) символизм;

д) супрематизм;

е) реализм.

120. Когда зародилась архитектура?

а) в глубокой древности на высшей ступени варварства;

б) во времена античной классики.

121. Какое место занимают архитектура и дизайн в системе кульFтуры?

а) на стыке эстетического и утилитарного;

б) на стыке материальной, духовной и художественной культуры,

входя в каждую из них.

122. Что такое гештальт? а) эскиз, набросок;

б) вспомогательный структурный образ, трансформирующийся поF

after appropriate processing in the artistic image.