1.8. Marxist-Leninist aesthetics (XIX – XX centuries) 1.9. Aesthetic culture of Russia of the last third of the XIX - early XX centuries. The first architectural practice

The aesthetic views and concepts of K. Marx and F. Engels as an integral part of their dialectical materialistic philosophy. Aesthetic views and art based on them are one of the special, specific forms of the spiritual life of a society, expressing the direct and reverse dialectical connection between the material and the ideal in the life of society. K. Marx and F. Engels on realism in art, artistic typification, the nature of the artistic Image, the role of worldview in artistic creation. Influence of the ideas of Marxist-Leninist aesthetics on Soviet architecture. The ideas and activities of production artists in VKHUTEMAS ( Higher Art and Technical Workshops ) and VHUTEIN (Higher Art and Technical Institute). Aesthetic ideas in the theoretical works of Soviet architects.

1.9. Aesthetic culture of Russia of the last third of the XIX - early XX centuries. The first architectural practice

Three main directions in the development of aesthetic ideas and artistic culture of this period in Russia (“Silver Age”): Marxist aesthetics (see topic 8), the concepts of “spiritual-moral self-improvement”, religious-moral improvement and cosmism. The aesthetics of the Russian symbolism of the end of the 19th and early 20th century (A. BeFly, V. Ivanov, A. Scriabin, A. Blok). The influence of the ideas of the "silver age" on the architecture of "modern".