Investor - state (federal, municipal, etc.) authorities, as well as private individuals may act.
Investments can be material, financial, intellectual.
An investor may himself act as a customer or delegate these rights to a specialized firm.
Customer - state, public, cooperative or private organizations entrusted with the responsibilities of planning the construction, providing it with design estimates, concluding contracts with contractors, providing financing, complete delivery of technological and other types of equipment, materials supplied by the customer, monitoring during production work, acceptance of completed construction projects from the contractor, obtaining permission to commission the facility.
Customers-developers are:
1. single customers in cities, on the territory of autonomous republics, territories, regions for the construction of residential houses, social and cultural facilities and utilities, i.e. these are departments or departments of the respective administrations.
2. Directorate (united) enterprises under construction.
3. Oksy (departments of capital construction) of existing enterprises
The customer-developer is a legal entity that manages the funds allocated for the financing of capital. investments, as well as all the material values on the balance of the cap. construction.
The customer is responsible for commissioning production facilities and facilities, facilities in accordance with the design and estimate documentation (design and estimate documentation), for their timely preparation for operation, for ensuring a high level of architecture and urban planning, design solutions and construction quality, for determining and compliance with the approved estimated cost of construction, contractual prices, avoiding their unreasonable excess, for the timely supply of equipment, as well as payment of completed construction and installation works supplied equipment.
The main tasks and duties of the customer are reduced to what the customer does not build the contractor, but with the help of the contractor.
1. ensuring, jointly with other participants of the investment process, the fulfillment of the task of commissioning production facilities and facilities in a timely manner
2. ensuring the effectiveness of design solutions based on the wide use of advanced technologies, equipment, materials and structures, advanced methods of organizing production, labor and management that meet the latest achievements of science and technology, as well as compliance with modern requirements for the quality level of architecture and urban planning
3. improving the efficiency of cap. investments, as well as reducing the duration of the investment process.
In addition, the main tasks of a single customer include:
- systematic implementation of the gene. plans, integrated economic and social development of cities, construction projects for the next period, and detailed planning projects for urban areas to be built;
- implementation of integrated development of residential areas, public centers, neighborhoods and their urban complexes in order to improve public services.
The customer in the field of planning takes part in the development of plans for capital. construction and ensures their timely implementation, participates in the development of title lists, their approval in the prescribed manner.
Customer in the field of ensuring the DED:
- provides baseline data for the development of design estimates;
- ensures the completeness and quality of these source data;
- prepares, together with the project organization, the task for the development of design and estimate documentation, coordinates it, approves it, and concludes agreements with relevant organizations for the implementation of design, survey, design and, if necessary, research works;
- coordinates with the project organization the schedule of development and issuance of design and estimate documentation, monitors its implementation;
- organizes the approval, approval and re-approval of the design and estimate documentation (with the determination of the contract price), as well as making changes in the relevant documentation on the comments and conclusions of the coordinating organizations and expert review bodies.
Customer in the field of financing:
- Determines and coordinates with the contractor with the participation of the project organization and subcontract organizations the contractual prices for the construction of enterprises, launch complexes and facilities;
- draws up in a timely manner contracts for the cap. construction (during the construction of turnkey facilities and on a rotational basis, taking into account their characteristics) with the gene. a contractor;
- concludes contracts with relevant organizations for the performance of installation and commissioning works, carrying out comprehensive testing of equipment (in idle mode and at operating modes) with the participation of design, contract and installation organizations;
- ensures timely opening and continuous financing of design and exploration works (PIR) and construction of facilities within the scope of capital facilities in banks; investments with the transfer of relevant technical documentation to the funding institution;
- checks prices and documents submitted for payment by contractors, suppliers, design organizations for work performed, services, for the products supplied;
- takes into account and controls the expenditure of the estimated limit, the reliability of boo. accounting for construction objects and costs, timely claims to the participants of the construction process on the payment of penalties, fines, penalties;
- makes payment for works on the basis of the documents signed by him on the volume and cost of work performed, as well as final calculations for the completed construction projects;
- approves single prices for work, the need for which arises during construction in consultation with the contractor, if these rates are not in the relevant regulatory documents.
Customer in the field of logistics:
- carries out accounting, acceptance, storage of materials, equipment located in the warehouse of products;
- does not allow storage of equipment in excess of the regulatory period, and in case of violation of the terms of the production process, produces a pre-installation audit. During the audit, the equipment must be completely disassembled, replace the oil, grease.
Customer in the field of construction site:
- participates in the work of commissions on the choice of the construction site and carries out registration and transfer to the general contractor organizations in a timely manner of documents on the decision of the relevant administrations on the allocation of land for construction and on the permission of the relevant authorities to:
§ work in the area of power lines;
§ in the right of way;
§ in the places of passage of underground communications;
- for use in cities and towns of electricity, water, gas from existing sources during the construction period in accordance with the PIC (construction organization project), in the absence of the customer's own sources;
- deforestation and tree transplanting, receives forest purchase tickets;
- reimbursement to citizens in case of necessity the market value of the seized land and everything connected with it, belonging to them by right of ownership;
- ensures the sale of materials from the dismantling of buildings and structures, as well as materials obtained in the case of mining;
- registers in bodies of state building control officials of organizations directly involved in the construction of facilities, as well as author and technical supervision and receives permission from the local administration to carry out construction and installation works (construction and installation works).
Customer in the field of construction supervision:
- coordinates with the Gospromatomnadzor issues related to the device for testing and registering technological cranes and lifting mechanisms, steam boilers and other equipment operating under pressure or in vacuum;
- carries out control and technical supervision of construction, compliance with the volume, cost and quality of work performed, the estimated calculations of technical regulations, building codes and regulations and ensures the implementation of design supervision by the project organization.
Customer in the field of acceptance into operation:
- participates in the acceptance of auxiliary facilities, makes available objects to the state acceptance commission and participates in all these commissions
- is responsible in accordance with the legislation for the acceptance into operation of objects constructed in violation of the requirements of regulatory documents and project documentation
- transmits after acceptance the completed facilities of the operating organization along with all documentation
- carries out timely and high-quality preparation for the production of products at commissioned facilities
- accepts from the contractor on the act mothballed construction with the adoption of measures for the safety of all work performed and material values, as well as payment for work performed
The procedure for creating a single customer
The rights and obligations of a single customer are assigned to the cap departments. construction under the government of autonomous republics, territories, regions, city administrations.
A single customer is created in the capitals of the autonomous republics, in the administrative centers of territories, regions and cities with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as in the territories of territories, regions.
The procedure for creating the directorate of the enterprise under construction
The Directorate is created for the new construction of enterprises and other production facilities. It is created simultaneously with the adoption of a design decision and with the inclusion of the design and survey plan. In this case, the Directorate is created with the minimum number of established units to resolve issues related to design. In full, the Directorate is created at the construction stage.
The Directorate is not created during the reconstruction and expansion of existing enterprises, in the construction of individual houses and other non-production objects, the construction of objects in an economic way and the own construction of construction organizations. In these cases, the functions of the Directorate are performed by UKSs, OKS, which are part of the Directorate of existing enterprises. At the same time, supervision and control of construction is carried out by technical supervision groups.
The Directorate is liquidated after the approval of the act of the acceptance commission.
During the construction of facilities in two or more lines, the Directorate is liquidated with the commissioning of the first stage or start-up complex. Its functions will be performed by Oxy administration of the enterprise.
Technical supervision land developer
Technical supervision is carried out by a single customer, the Directorate, OKS, as well as a special apparatus or a group of technical supervision during the entire period of newly started construction, reconstruction, expansion, technical re-equipment both in industrial construction and in the construction of residential and public buildings.
Project organizations
the design and estimate documentation developed for orders and contracts with the customer; they also include organizations conducting engineering surveys for construction.
Contracting construction organizations
performing a complex of works on the construction of objects for various purposes. The contract with the customer is concluded by the general contractor. In case of contracting, the general contractor heads the construction, responding to the customer for the timely and high-quality implementation of the project and commissioning with the customer of the facility. To perform certain types of work or individual objects, the general contractor engages subcontractors, but the general contractor is responsible for performing all the work, both on his own and by the forces of the subcontractor; coordinates the production of works by all subcontractors, without interfering in their internal production and economic activities.
Subcontractors are required to comply with all orders of the general contractor on the order, order, timing and quality of the work assigned to them.
Suppliers -
enterprises producing materials necessary for construction, prefabricated structures, equipment, etc.
Transport organizations
carrying out contracts or contracts with a contractor or supplier for external or intradepartmental transportation of materials using all types of transport
Scientific research institute
carrying out design research work on the instructions of the federal construction agency or under direct contracts with a contractor.
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